![]() ![]() These two compartments are synovial cavities, which consist of an upper and a lower synovial cavity. The disc divides each joint into two compartments, the lower and upper compartments. The temporomandibular joints are one of the few synovial joints in the human body with an articular disc, another being the sternoclavicular joint. The disc is composed of dense fibrocartilagenous tissue that is positioned between the head of the mandibular condyle and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. The unique feature of the temporomandibular joint is the articular disc. Main article: Articular disk of the temporomandibular joint Its loose attachment to the neck of the mandible allows for free movement. The articular capsule ( capsular ligament) is a thin, loose envelope, attached above to the circumference of the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle immediately in front below, to the neck of the condyle of the mandible. The main components are the joint capsule, articular disc, mandibular condyles, articular surface of the temporal bone, temporomandibular ligament, stylomandibular ligament, sphenomandibular ligament, and lateral pterygoid muscle. Since the TMJ is connected to the mandible, the right and left joints must function together and therefore are not independent of each other. This joint is unique in that it is a bilateral joint that functions as one unit. It is a bilateral synovial articulation between the temporal bone of the skull above and the mandible below it is from these bones that its name is derived. In anatomy, the temporomandibular joints ( TMJ) are the two joints connecting the jawbone to the skull. ![]() Line: Tympanicum: articular face for temporomandibular joint arrow: external acoustic pore. ![]()
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